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福建省多措并舉推動農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展

2024-04-03 14:57:59 來源:農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理 閱讀量:32808 評論

導(dǎo)讀:福建省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳日前印發(fā)《關(guān)于推廣“五節(jié)一循環(huán)”模式促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展若干措施的通知》,明確提出推廣行之有效的“五節(jié)一循環(huán)”等農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展模式。

  【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 地方農(nóng)機(jī)】 福建省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳日前印發(fā)《關(guān)于推廣“五節(jié)一循環(huán)”模式促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展若干措施的通知》,明確提出推廣行之有效的“五節(jié)一循環(huán)”等農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展模式,促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展綠色轉(zhuǎn)型,推動福建省特色現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展取得新的更大成效。
 
  “五節(jié)一循環(huán)”即節(jié)地、節(jié)水、節(jié)肥、節(jié)藥、節(jié)能和高效生態(tài)循環(huán)農(nóng)業(yè)。
 
  節(jié)地:提升耕地地力水平,強(qiáng)化耕地保護(hù)
 
  引導(dǎo)農(nóng)民在自愿前提下,結(jié)合高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田、土地整治等項目建設(shè),合并歸整田塊,鼓勵“耕地下山、林果上山”,逐步建成適宜耕作、旱澇保收、高產(chǎn)穩(wěn)產(chǎn)、綠色生態(tài)的現(xiàn)代化良田。加大撂荒耕地整治補(bǔ)助力度。
 
  實施耕地有機(jī)質(zhì)提升行動,堅持用養(yǎng)結(jié)合,逐步改良培肥土壤,提升耕地地力,確保耕地有機(jī)質(zhì)只增不減。深入推進(jìn)畜禽糞污資源化利用,就地就近還田利用,強(qiáng)化有機(jī)無機(jī)相給合,完善種養(yǎng)有效對接機(jī)制,推廣種養(yǎng)循環(huán)模式,大力推進(jìn)糞肥還田。支持符合條件的種糧大戶申報耕地地力保護(hù)補(bǔ)貼。
 
  同時,集成推廣土壤改良、地力培肥、治理修復(fù)等技術(shù),有序推進(jìn)退化耕地治理。指導(dǎo)各地按照“分類管控、農(nóng)用優(yōu)先、預(yù)防為主、治用并舉”原則,嚴(yán)格管控、安全利用受污染耕地,確保全省受污染耕地安全利用率穩(wěn)定在93%以上。支持土壤酸化問題突出地區(qū)申報酸化耕地治理補(bǔ)助,集成推廣施用土壤調(diào)理劑、綠肥還田等技術(shù)模式
 
  此外,要因地制宜推廣耕地輪作,鼓勵各地立足生態(tài)氣候條件,科學(xué)選擇輪作技術(shù)路徑,重點推廣稻—稻—菜、煙—稻、稻—菜、大棚—水稻等水旱輪作、糧經(jīng)輪作種植模式,示范推廣幼齡果園間作套種大豆、甘薯、馬鈴薯等綠色高效種植模式,提升耕地可持續(xù)產(chǎn)出能力。對設(shè)施鋼架大棚輪作種植水稻面積達(dá)60畝以上的,按水稻面積給予獎勵。
 
  節(jié)水:提高農(nóng)業(yè)用水效率
 
  大力推廣水肥一體化、管灌、噴灌、滴灌等高效節(jié)水技術(shù),支持有條件的地區(qū)在高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)中配備田間計量設(shè)施,提高水資源利用效率。根據(jù)作物品種、種植制度、灌溉方式等差異,因地制宜選擇水肥一體化模式和水溶性肥料,推廣“肥隨水走、少量多次、分段擬合”的灌溉施肥模式。
 
  節(jié)肥:促進(jìn)化肥減量增效
 
  在糧食、蔬菜、水果、茶葉主要農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)區(qū),集成推廣施肥新技術(shù)、新產(chǎn)品和新機(jī)具,應(yīng)用測土配方施肥、作物營養(yǎng)診斷、綠肥種植、秸稈還田、有機(jī)肥替代及水肥一體化等新技術(shù),推廣使用作物配方肥、緩釋肥料、微生物肥料、水溶性肥料、中微量元素肥料等新型肥料,推進(jìn)農(nóng)機(jī)農(nóng)藝融合,提升科學(xué)施肥水平,提高化肥利用率。
 
  實施種養(yǎng)循環(huán)試點,以果菜茶優(yōu)勢區(qū)為重點,示范推廣糞肥、秸稈粉碎、綠肥翻壓等有機(jī)肥源還田措施,提高有機(jī)肥養(yǎng)分施用比例,減少化肥用量,增加土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量,提升優(yōu)質(zhì)綠色產(chǎn)品供給。開展區(qū)域公用品牌農(nóng)作物化肥投入定額制試點,集成推廣定額制施肥新技術(shù)、新產(chǎn)品、新機(jī)具,打造化肥投入定額制示范基地,引導(dǎo)種植戶定額施肥。
 
  節(jié)藥:推動農(nóng)藥減量控害
 
  推廣綠色高效施藥技術(shù),發(fā)揮有機(jī)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品、綠色食品和地理標(biāo)志農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)基地引領(lǐng)作用,推廣以健身栽培為基礎(chǔ),以生物防治、生態(tài)控制、物理防治、理化誘控為主,合理使用化學(xué)農(nóng)藥為輔的綠色防控措施,提高科學(xué)安全用藥意識。組織開展新農(nóng)藥、新助劑篩選,示范推廣高效低毒低風(fēng)險農(nóng)藥和助劑,逐步淘汰高毒高風(fēng)險農(nóng)藥。實施植保器械換代升級工程,鼓勵農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營主體引進(jìn)與福建省主要地形現(xiàn)狀、種植模式相適應(yīng)的高效植保器械,持續(xù)提高農(nóng)藥利用率。
 
  節(jié)能:推動農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物綜合化利用
 
  推動畜禽糞污資源化利用和秸稈還田綜合利用,開展畜禽糞污資源化利用示范點建設(shè),示范推廣畜禽糞肥還田利用、沼液智能化施用等技術(shù)模式,提高畜禽糞污綜合利用率。指導(dǎo)各地分區(qū)域、分作物示范推廣翻埋、碎混、旋耕、堆漚腐熟等秸稈還田技術(shù),因地制宜推廣水稻秸稈粉碎還田、秸稈—綠肥碳氮互濟(jì)聯(lián)合還田以及甘薯、馬鈴薯、玉米等作物秸稈翻壓還田模式。
 
  循環(huán):發(fā)展高效生態(tài)循環(huán)農(nóng)業(yè)
 
  圍繞農(nóng)業(yè)投入品減量增效、廢棄物資源化利用、農(nóng)業(yè)資源集約利用、產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈低碳循環(huán),引導(dǎo)先行區(qū)積極探索一批符合不同區(qū)域、生態(tài)類型、主導(dǎo)品種的綠色發(fā)展模式。
 
  注:本文由農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)(m.qktnz.cn)整理發(fā)布,資料來源:福建省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳。
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