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農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部印發(fā)2023年?yáng)|北黑土地保護(hù)性耕作行動(dòng)計(jì)劃技術(shù)指引

2022-10-31 09:56:16 來(lái)源：農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部新聞辦公室 閱讀量：17448 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀：近日，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部印發(fā)《2023年?yáng)|北黑土地保護(hù)性耕作行動(dòng)計(jì)劃技術(shù)指引》(以下簡(jiǎn)稱《指引》)，進(jìn)一步明確保護(hù)性耕作技術(shù)規(guī)范性要求。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 熱點(diǎn)關(guān)注】為推動(dòng)?xùn)|北四省(區(qū))提前做好2023年保護(hù)性耕作行動(dòng)計(jì)劃準(zhǔn)備工作，特別是抓住秋收關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)，指導(dǎo)實(shí)施主體科學(xué)留住秸稈、規(guī)范使用技術(shù)，切實(shí)提升實(shí)施質(zhì)量和實(shí)施效果，近日，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部印發(fā)《2023年?yáng)|北黑土地保護(hù)性耕作行動(dòng)計(jì)劃技術(shù)指引》(以下簡(jiǎn)稱《指引》)，進(jìn)一步明確保護(hù)性耕作技術(shù)規(guī)范性要求?！吨敢方Y(jié)合2020年以來(lái)行動(dòng)計(jì)劃實(shí)施情況，對(duì)保護(hù)性耕作技術(shù)類型、不同區(qū)域主推模式、作業(yè)補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)劃分、整體推進(jìn)縣及高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)應(yīng)用基地建設(shè)要求、作業(yè)監(jiān)測(cè)設(shè)備及平臺(tái)等進(jìn)行了細(xì)化、明確和界定，要求四省(區(qū))因地制宜修訂或細(xì)化本省技術(shù)規(guī)范，推動(dòng)保護(hù)性耕作擴(kuò)面與提質(zhì)有機(jī)結(jié)合。
 
　　保護(hù)性耕作是一種以農(nóng)作物秸稈覆蓋還田、免(少)耕播種為主要內(nèi)容的現(xiàn)代耕作制度，具有防治農(nóng)田揚(yáng)塵和水土流失、減少秸稈焚燒和溫室氣體排放、蓄水保墑、培肥地力、節(jié)本增效等作用。2020年，經(jīng)國(guó)務(wù)院同意，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部、財(cái)政部共同啟動(dòng)實(shí)施東北黑土地保護(hù)性耕作行動(dòng)計(jì)劃(2020—2025年)，在東北實(shí)施區(qū)域推廣應(yīng)用保護(hù)性耕作技術(shù)。實(shí)施3年來(lái)，四省(區(qū))已累計(jì)在223個(gè)項(xiàng)目實(shí)施縣實(shí)施保護(hù)性耕作2.01億畝次，2022年實(shí)施面積達(dá)到8300萬(wàn)畝，超額完成8000萬(wàn)畝任務(wù)面積。共建設(shè)了56個(gè)整體推進(jìn)縣和712個(gè)縣鄉(xiāng)級(jí)高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)應(yīng)用基地，25個(gè)縣實(shí)施面積超過(guò)100萬(wàn)畝，四省(區(qū))以點(diǎn)帶面、梯次鋪開(kāi)的態(tài)勢(shì)已經(jīng)形成。保護(hù)性耕作實(shí)施地塊技術(shù)裝備應(yīng)用總體到位，高性能免耕播種機(jī)等關(guān)鍵裝備保障能力明顯提升，投入作業(yè)的免耕播種機(jī)達(dá)到7.7萬(wàn)臺(tái)，針對(duì)不同地區(qū)不同條件因地制宜推廣應(yīng)用了秸稈覆蓋免耕、秸稈覆蓋壟作、條帶耕作等技術(shù)模式，有力促進(jìn)了作物穩(wěn)產(chǎn)增產(chǎn)與地力恢復(fù)提升，保護(hù)性耕作帶來(lái)的農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)、生態(tài)綜合效應(yīng)正逐步顯現(xiàn)。

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