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秸稈綜合利用，“青島萊西模式”獲多國推廣

2022-10-28 09:12:25 來源：山東省青島市農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村局 閱讀量：14745 評論

導(dǎo)讀：10月25日，聯(lián)合國亞太地區(qū)秸稈綜合利用試點項目成果分享國際會議在山東省青島萊西市召開。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 地方農(nóng)機】10月25日，聯(lián)合國亞太地區(qū)秸稈綜合利用試點項目成果分享國際會議在山東省青島萊西市召開。
 
　　亞太地區(qū)30余個國家的200多名農(nóng)業(yè)專家學(xué)者通過線上方式參加會議，聯(lián)合國可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)機械化中心項目官員、中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)專家，山東省青島市農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村局黨組成員、農(nóng)技中心主任程興謨，萊西市人民政府三級調(diào)研員吳海波參加會議，全市50余名農(nóng)機合作社社長、作業(yè)機手及農(nóng)戶代表觀摩現(xiàn)場演示。
 
　　農(nóng)作物秸稈是一種十分寶貴的資源，秸稈高效利用對于促進農(nóng)民增收、環(huán)境保護、資源節(jié)約以及農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟持續(xù)發(fā)展意義重大。目前，世界各國都加快了秸稈高效綜合利用技術(shù)的研究與應(yīng)用推廣。
 
　　會議現(xiàn)場，中國、印度、老撾、泰國的相關(guān)專家分別就秸稈綜合利用良好做法與經(jīng)驗進行了交流分享。在秸稈綜合利用現(xiàn)場展示環(huán)節(jié)，中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)專家講解了秸稈飼料化、能源化、肥料化、基料化、工業(yè)化等“五化”利用模式并介紹了相關(guān)工程案例，在青島志濤農(nóng)機專業(yè)合作社觀摩了秸稈收獲、青貯發(fā)酵、飼料制備與投喂、牛糞與沼渣沼液還田等流程，深松整地機、玉米收割機、小麥免耕施肥播種機、秸稈滅茬還田機、糞肥還田拋灑車等12臺(套)大型農(nóng)機具在玉米大豆復(fù)合種植田地進行了耕作展示。
 
　　秸稈綜合利用試點項目是聯(lián)合國可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)機械化中心的旗艦項目之一，通過在東亞、南亞和東南亞地區(qū)進行試點項目，總結(jié)一套行之有效而又可持續(xù)的秸稈綜合利用模式。中國試點項目的地點選在萊西市。該項目從2019年試點開始已經(jīng)執(zhí)行三年，取得成效顯著。
 
　　三年來，萊西市以秸稈綜合利用市場化、產(chǎn)業(yè)化為主線，以秸稈“五化”利用為主攻方向，積極尋求秸稈綜合利用新途徑和新方式，初步解答了秸稈綜合利用“怎么用”“怎么做”“怎么推”等關(guān)鍵性問題，探索出了一條綠色循環(huán)發(fā)展的秸稈“五化”綜合利用新路。
 
　　其中，推進秸稈能源化利用，引入青島琦泉生物質(zhì)發(fā)電有限公司，建成生物質(zhì)秸稈發(fā)電企業(yè)，推廣生物質(zhì)秸稈顆粒鍋爐，初步形成了“收儲+生產(chǎn)+使用+銷售”的產(chǎn)業(yè)體系，年可處理秸稈6000噸。
 
　　推進秸稈肥料化利用，與中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)研究推廣秸稈過腹還田保護性耕作模式，通過農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)社會化服務(wù)和托管等項目帶動，推廣玉米秸稈還田50余萬畝，小麥秸稈粉碎還田比例基本達到100%。
 
　　推進秸稈飼料化利用，利用省農(nóng)科院秸稈菌劑發(fā)酵配方技術(shù)，加大對秸稈的青貯、氨化和黃貯力度，促進秸稈過腹增值，今年以來，全市開展玉米秸稈青貯16.41萬噸，養(yǎng)殖場戶收貯面積達6.56萬畝。
 
　　推進秸稈基料化利用，依托食用菌產(chǎn)業(yè)，在院上鎮(zhèn)、河頭店鎮(zhèn)和沽河街道等地大力發(fā)展草腐菌品種探索使用棄農(nóng)作物秸稈種植草腐菌、大球蓋菌品種，年可消化廢棄農(nóng)作物秸稈4000余噸。
 
　　推進秸稈工業(yè)化利用，探索秸稈作為木業(yè)、造紙業(yè)、工藝品加工等產(chǎn)業(yè)項目的輔助添加材料，為木家居產(chǎn)業(yè)提供替代原料。并計劃招引生產(chǎn)可降解秸稈餐具、方便袋項目，不斷延長產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈條。
 
　　同時，以秸稈多元化利用為牽引，多途徑尋求秸稈綜合利用新路徑，探索新機具、新技術(shù)、新模式，通過對青貯、秸稈還田、秸稈打捆機械和秸稈利用作業(yè)環(huán)節(jié)進行補貼扶持，最大限度拉長秸稈綜合利用產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈條，推動環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟、社會效益有機融合。
 
　　2019年至2020年，亞太地區(qū)秸稈綜合利用現(xiàn)場演示會均在萊西市召開，萊西市秸稈綜合利用模式在亞太30余個國家得到積極推廣，為亞太綠色農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展提供了“青島萊西模式”。
 

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