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農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部棉花全程機(jī)械化專家指導(dǎo)組在河北開展棉花測產(chǎn)

2021-09-26 11:02:56 來源：農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化總站 閱讀量：15963 評論

導(dǎo)讀：當(dāng)前正值河北棉花吐絮期，為推進(jìn)黃河流域棉花全程機(jī)械化發(fā)展，做好今年機(jī)采棉示范推廣工作，9月23日，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化總站聯(lián)合河北省農(nóng)機(jī)化技術(shù)推廣總站，在河北省曲周縣開展了河北棉區(qū)機(jī)采棉種植區(qū)域棉花測產(chǎn)。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 科技創(chuàng)新】 當(dāng)前正值河北棉花吐絮期，為推進(jìn)黃河流域棉花全程機(jī)械化發(fā)展，做好今年機(jī)采棉示范推廣工作，9月23日，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化總站聯(lián)合河北省農(nóng)機(jī)化技術(shù)推廣總站，在河北省曲周縣開展了河北棉區(qū)機(jī)采棉種植區(qū)域棉花測產(chǎn)。農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)作物生產(chǎn)全程機(jī)械化專家指導(dǎo)組棉花專業(yè)組、河北省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳及相關(guān)處站、河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)、河北省農(nóng)林科學(xué)院棉花所、邯鄲市農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村局、曲周縣農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村局等有關(guān)人員參加了現(xiàn)場測產(chǎn)工作。

測產(chǎn)現(xiàn)場
 
　　在測產(chǎn)組長、農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部棉花全程機(jī)械化專家、中國農(nóng)科院棉花研究所宋國立研究員的帶領(lǐng)下，測產(chǎn)專家組按照“全國棉花高產(chǎn)創(chuàng)建示范片測產(chǎn)驗(yàn)收辦法”，對曲周縣銀絮棉花種植專業(yè)合作社500畝機(jī)采棉棉田進(jìn)行了測產(chǎn)，測產(chǎn)結(jié)果顯示，該棉田品種冀棉646、行距76cm、株距12.4cm、密度6751株/畝、畝鈴數(shù)83712個(gè)、鈴重6.0克、實(shí)測平均籽棉單產(chǎn)426.9公斤/畝，比2020年單產(chǎn)404.5公斤/畝，增產(chǎn)了5.5%。這是在今年當(dāng)?shù)亟邓^常年偏多65%、與去年同期相比偏多40%，土壤墑情過高，不利于棉花生長的情況下取得的，比周邊傳統(tǒng)種植方式的棉田產(chǎn)量高出了40%，實(shí)現(xiàn)了惡劣氣候條件下的穩(wěn)產(chǎn)高產(chǎn)，更加堅(jiān)定了當(dāng)?shù)匾?guī)模植棉大戶推廣應(yīng)用機(jī)采棉全程機(jī)械化種植模式的積極性。
 
　　據(jù)悉，為推動(dòng)河北棉花生產(chǎn)恢復(fù)性發(fā)展，從2018年開始，河北省農(nóng)機(jī)化技術(shù)推廣總站、河北省農(nóng)林科學(xué)院棉花所、河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)等單位在曲周縣以銀絮棉花種植專業(yè)合作社為依托，建立了棉花生產(chǎn)全程機(jī)械化示范基地，2020年開始得到了中國工程院院士、石河子大學(xué)陳學(xué)庚教授的悉心指導(dǎo)和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部棉花全程機(jī)械化專家指導(dǎo)組的大力支持，借鑒新疆機(jī)采棉全程機(jī)械化種植模式，即：宜機(jī)化品種選擇—平整土地—深耕松土—標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化種植(衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航等行距精量播種、增密降高、適時(shí)晚播)—水肥一體化灌溉—全程化學(xué)調(diào)控—免除整枝—病蟲害綜合防治—脫葉催熟—機(jī)械采收—秸稈還田(或回收)等全程機(jī)械化管理，獲得了成功，落了地、見了效，每年增產(chǎn)10%以上，比傳統(tǒng)種植方式節(jié)省人工7-8個(gè)/畝，節(jié)本增效明顯。
 


 

　　參加測產(chǎn)工作的全體人員在銀絮棉花種植專業(yè)合作社會議室召開了座談會，大家一致認(rèn)為，在確保國家糧食安全的基礎(chǔ)上，要毫不放松棉花等大宗經(jīng)濟(jì)作物和戰(zhàn)略性農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)能力提升和有效供給的任務(wù)，加大黃河流域機(jī)采棉全程機(jī)械化生產(chǎn)模式示范推廣力度，加強(qiáng)棉花鋪膜播種技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化規(guī)范化實(shí)施，把握核心技術(shù)要點(diǎn)，做到合理化控和適時(shí)施肥，把株高降下來、把密度增上去，進(jìn)一步提高棉花單產(chǎn)水平，力爭達(dá)到畝產(chǎn)千斤籽棉的目標(biāo)。同時(shí)，要適時(shí)將機(jī)采棉全程機(jī)械化生產(chǎn)模式推廣應(yīng)用到優(yōu)質(zhì)棉花品種生產(chǎn)，進(jìn)一步提升植棉效益。

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