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太倉(cāng)：開展機(jī)收減損，保障糧食安全

2024-11-29 08:48:05 來(lái)源：江蘇省太倉(cāng)市農(nóng)機(jī)推廣站 閱讀量：16492 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀： 江蘇省太倉(cāng)市農(nóng)機(jī)推廣站結(jié)合太倉(cāng)實(shí)際，與各涉農(nóng)鎮(zhèn)加強(qiáng)溝通協(xié)調(diào)，認(rèn)真開展了市域小麥水稻機(jī)收損失監(jiān)測(cè)等工作，推動(dòng)機(jī)收工作重心由搶收為主向搶收減損并重轉(zhuǎn)變，保障糧食安全。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 地方農(nóng)機(jī)】 江蘇省太倉(cāng)市農(nóng)機(jī)推廣站結(jié)合太倉(cāng)實(shí)際，與各涉農(nóng)鎮(zhèn)加強(qiáng)溝通協(xié)調(diào)，按照上級(jí)文件要求，樹立減損就是增收的意識(shí)，認(rèn)真開展了市域小麥水稻機(jī)收損失監(jiān)測(cè)等工作，推動(dòng)機(jī)收工作重心由搶收為主向搶收減損并重轉(zhuǎn)變，保障糧食安全。
 
　　一、加強(qiáng)組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)
 
　　太倉(cāng)市農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村局分管領(lǐng)導(dǎo)高度重視糧油作物機(jī)收減損工作，成立了以農(nóng)機(jī)分管領(lǐng)導(dǎo)為組長(zhǎng)、市農(nóng)機(jī)推廣站負(fù)責(zé)人為副組長(zhǎng)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組，負(fù)責(zé)全市機(jī)收減損的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)工作；成立了以市農(nóng)機(jī)推廣站4名技術(shù)人員為成員的技術(shù)組，具體從事糧油作物機(jī)收損失監(jiān)測(cè)等相關(guān)工作。
 
　　二、開展培訓(xùn)指導(dǎo)
 
　　夏季收獲前，太倉(cāng)市分鎮(zhèn)(區(qū)、街道)舉辦了7期高素質(zhì)農(nóng)民技能培訓(xùn)班，培訓(xùn)內(nèi)容涵蓋農(nóng)機(jī)安全生產(chǎn)、機(jī)收減損技術(shù)等知識(shí)，各鎮(zhèn)(區(qū)、街道)農(nóng)機(jī)負(fù)責(zé)人、合作農(nóng)場(chǎng)和農(nóng)機(jī)操作手等400余人參加了培訓(xùn)。部分培訓(xùn)邀請(qǐng)了蘇州市農(nóng)機(jī)推廣站專家授課，授課老師從機(jī)具作業(yè)前的準(zhǔn)備、適宜收獲期的確定、機(jī)收作業(yè)的質(zhì)量要求等方面進(jìn)行了分析講解，同時(shí)與農(nóng)機(jī)手進(jìn)行了討論交流，使機(jī)手能根據(jù)不同的工作狀況，調(diào)整收割機(jī)脫粒、清選等工作部件的參數(shù)，以達(dá)到降低收割損失率的目的。
 
　　夏收秋收進(jìn)行時(shí)，太倉(cāng)市農(nóng)機(jī)推廣站技術(shù)服務(wù)組深入田間地頭，扎實(shí)開展農(nóng)機(jī)科技志愿服務(wù)，加強(qiáng)田間地頭技術(shù)示范指導(dǎo)和技術(shù)交流，二忙期間，累計(jì)發(fā)放小麥、水稻《機(jī)收減損技術(shù)指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)》、“關(guān)于做好倒伏水稻機(jī)械化收獲工作的提醒”等宣傳資料600多份，引導(dǎo)農(nóng)戶和機(jī)手因地制宜選擇合適機(jī)具、收獲時(shí)機(jī)、作業(yè)路線等，促進(jìn)機(jī)收作業(yè)質(zhì)量提升，作業(yè)效率提高。
 
　　三、進(jìn)行損失監(jiān)測(cè)
 
　　1、熟悉監(jiān)測(cè)調(diào)查方法
 
　　技術(shù)組在稻麥機(jī)收開始前，集中學(xué)習(xí)了《2024年江蘇省糧油作物機(jī)收損失監(jiān)測(cè)調(diào)查方案》，使每位參與者都掌握了具體的機(jī)收損失監(jiān)測(cè)方法。
 
　　2、確定監(jiān)測(cè)調(diào)查范圍
 
　　根據(jù)上級(jí)文件要求，上半年我站設(shè)立了瀏河鎮(zhèn)、城廂鎮(zhèn)、璜涇鎮(zhèn)、浮橋鎮(zhèn)和沙溪鎮(zhèn)5個(gè)機(jī)收監(jiān)測(cè)地點(diǎn)，下半年設(shè)立了沙溪鎮(zhèn)、璜涇鎮(zhèn)、浮橋鎮(zhèn)、雙鳳鎮(zhèn)和城廂鎮(zhèn)5個(gè)機(jī)收監(jiān)測(cè)地點(diǎn)，進(jìn)行小麥、水稻收獲后損失監(jiān)測(cè)。
 
　　3、開展監(jiān)測(cè)調(diào)查與數(shù)據(jù)匯總
 
　　在小麥?zhǔn)斋@期間，技術(shù)組在瀏河鎮(zhèn)閘北村、城廂鎮(zhèn)萬(wàn)豐村、璜涇鎮(zhèn)楊漕村、浮橋鎮(zhèn)浪港村、沙溪鎮(zhèn)項(xiàng)橋村，對(duì)機(jī)收損失開展了監(jiān)測(cè)調(diào)查，機(jī)收方式全部為全喂入，經(jīng)過(guò)計(jì)算，以上5個(gè)監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)平均小麥機(jī)收損失率為1.0%，小于國(guó)家在小麥機(jī)收損失率方面的要求(機(jī)收方式，損失率標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為≤2%)。
 
　　在水稻收獲期間，技術(shù)組在沙溪鎮(zhèn)泰西村、璜涇鎮(zhèn)楊漕村、浮橋鎮(zhèn)方橋村、雙鳳鎮(zhèn)新衛(wèi)村、城廂鎮(zhèn)東林村對(duì)機(jī)收損失開展了監(jiān)測(cè)調(diào)查，機(jī)收方式有全喂入與半喂入二種，總體來(lái)看，水稻機(jī)收作業(yè)質(zhì)量好，完全符合國(guó)家在水稻機(jī)收損失率方面的要求(半喂入機(jī)收方式≤2.5%，全喂入機(jī)收方式≤3.5%)。

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