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加大有機(jī)肥推廣使用力度，施用商品有機(jī)肥補(bǔ)貼每噸150―480元

2019-09-29 16:24:08 來源：農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：31590 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀：糧食生產(chǎn)安全是我國(guó)目前“三農(nóng)”發(fā)展的重中之重，但是我們不能剝離整體環(huán)境去看糧食產(chǎn)量，而應(yīng)該進(jìn)一步加大有機(jī)肥推廣使用力度，推動(dòng)農(nóng)業(yè)整體高質(zhì)量綠色發(fā)展。此前，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部種植業(yè)管理司整理了部分目前我國(guó)正在實(shí)施財(cái)政補(bǔ)貼等相關(guān)舉措：

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 補(bǔ)貼動(dòng)態(tài)】中央農(nóng)村工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組辦公室主任、農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部部長(zhǎng)韓長(zhǎng)賦9月27日介紹，今年夏糧增產(chǎn)，秋糧大部長(zhǎng)勢(shì)良好，我國(guó)糧食產(chǎn)量有望第5年穩(wěn)定在1.3萬億斤以上。他認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在我國(guó)主要農(nóng)作物品種約5年大規(guī)模更換一次，集成推廣高產(chǎn)綠色生態(tài)的生產(chǎn)技術(shù)。
 
　　糧食生產(chǎn)安全是我國(guó)目前“三農(nóng)”發(fā)展的重中之重，但是我們不能剝離整體環(huán)境去看糧食產(chǎn)量，而應(yīng)該進(jìn)一步加大有機(jī)肥推廣使用力度，推動(dòng)農(nóng)業(yè)整體高質(zhì)量綠色發(fā)展。此前，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部種植業(yè)管理司整理了部分目前我國(guó)正在實(shí)施財(cái)政補(bǔ)貼等相關(guān)舉措：
 
　　加大畜禽糞污資源化利用力度
 
　　2018年，中央財(cái)政安排20億元，支持120個(gè)畜牧大縣整縣推進(jìn)畜禽糞污資源化利用，采取以獎(jiǎng)代補(bǔ)的方式，支持規(guī)模養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)和糞污集中處理服務(wù)設(shè)施建設(shè)，補(bǔ)貼畜禽養(yǎng)殖廢棄物就地就近資源化、能源化利用，帶動(dòng)全面實(shí)現(xiàn)畜禽糞污資源化處理，推動(dòng)形成農(nóng)牧結(jié)合和種養(yǎng)循環(huán)的發(fā)展模式，構(gòu)建規(guī)范化處理、市場(chǎng)化運(yùn)營(yíng)和社會(huì)化服務(wù)相結(jié)合的新格局。
 
　　2019年，中央財(cái)政資金增加到60億元，重點(diǎn)推進(jìn)畜牧養(yǎng)殖大縣糞污資源化利用整縣治理全覆蓋和整縣推進(jìn)治理工作，支持規(guī)模養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)和第三方處理機(jī)構(gòu)建設(shè)糞污資源化利用設(shè)施，積極探索運(yùn)行有效的利用模式。
 
　　開展有機(jī)肥堆漚施用環(huán)節(jié)補(bǔ)貼
 
　　農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部認(rèn)真落實(shí)“藏糧于地、藏糧于技”戰(zhàn)略，在中央財(cái)政支持下，采取有效措施，推廣使用有機(jī)肥。
 
　　2015年，印發(fā)《到2020年化肥使用量零增長(zhǎng)行動(dòng)方案》，積極探索有機(jī)養(yǎng)分資源利用的有效模式，鼓勵(lì)和引導(dǎo)農(nóng)民積造農(nóng)家肥，施用商品有機(jī)肥；推廣秸稈粉碎還田、快速腐熟還田、過腹還田等技術(shù)；在有條件的地區(qū)，引導(dǎo)農(nóng)民施用根瘤菌劑，促進(jìn)花生、大豆和苜蓿等豆科作物固氮肥田。
 
　　加大補(bǔ)貼力度。結(jié)合實(shí)施測(cè)土配方施肥、耕地保護(hù)與質(zhì)量提升、東北黑土地保護(hù)利用試點(diǎn)等項(xiàng)目，采用物化補(bǔ)貼的方式，鼓勵(lì)和引導(dǎo)農(nóng)民增施有機(jī)肥、秸稈還田、種植綠肥。北京、江蘇、上海、浙江等省市相繼出臺(tái)了農(nóng)民施用商品有機(jī)肥補(bǔ)貼的政策，補(bǔ)貼金額為每噸150―480元。
 
　　開展有機(jī)肥替代化肥試點(diǎn)。2017年以來，在果菜茶種植優(yōu)勢(shì)突出、有機(jī)肥資源有保障、有機(jī)肥施用技術(shù)模式成熟、產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展有一定基礎(chǔ)的地方選擇175個(gè)重點(diǎn)縣(市、區(qū))開展有機(jī)肥替代化肥試點(diǎn)，集成推廣有機(jī)肥替代化肥的生產(chǎn)技術(shù)模式，構(gòu)建果菜茶有機(jī)肥替代化肥長(zhǎng)效機(jī)制。
 
　　開展秸稈還田補(bǔ)貼
 
　　在農(nóng)機(jī)購置補(bǔ)貼中予以支持。2018年財(cái)政部會(huì)同農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部出臺(tái)了《2018—2020年農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械購置補(bǔ)貼實(shí)施指導(dǎo)意見》，將秸稈粉碎還田機(jī)、秸稈膨化機(jī)、秸稈壓塊(粒、棒)機(jī)等秸稈綜合處理機(jī)械納入全國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)購置補(bǔ)貼機(jī)具種類范圍，各地可根據(jù)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)實(shí)際需要和補(bǔ)貼資金規(guī)模，對(duì)納入全國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)購置補(bǔ)貼機(jī)具種類范圍的機(jī)具應(yīng)補(bǔ)盡補(bǔ)。
 
　　支持各地開展秸稈綜合利用。2019年中央財(cái)政通過農(nóng)業(yè)資源及生態(tài)保護(hù)補(bǔ)助資金安排19.5億元，支持各地開展農(nóng)作物秸稈綜合利用，鼓勵(lì)探索建立“誰受益誰處理”“秸稈換有機(jī)肥”等機(jī)制，通過政策引導(dǎo)，激發(fā)秸稈還田、離田、加工利用等各環(huán)節(jié)市場(chǎng)主體活力，引導(dǎo)撬動(dòng)社會(huì)資本和金融資本支持農(nóng)作物秸稈綜合利用，探索可推廣、可持續(xù)的農(nóng)作物秸稈綜合利用模式，建立秸稈綜合利用穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行機(jī)制。
 
　　本文由農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布，部分資料來源：農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部，如有侵權(quán)或異議請(qǐng)聯(lián)系我們。

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